Evaluation of article from The Economist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Evaluation of article from The Economist - Essay Example The abstract statement (â€Å"Sooty skies†, 1) uses technical terms that make it difficult for a novice of the field of aviation to understand, without reading the article, what the article is about. Right at the very start of the article the writer addresses an aspect of de-icing an aeroplane in the first sentence and continues on with it in the third sentence with no regard for the change of perspective in the second sentence. Similarly in the second paragraph, the writer introduces a Dawid Janas with no reference to Dawid’s relevance to the discussion until later on in the article. Then the article moves on to describe the process of formation of a substance without describing the background of the substance and its relevance to the topic of the article, making it hard for the reader to maintain interest. The writer commits a similar mistake by describing the conductivity of the substance in detail without first stating that conductance of electricity though the subs tance is a process of the new de-icing technique. This application of the substance becomes clear only later on with an indirect reference to it by the writer as he compares the two substances used in de-icing. While a lot of information in the article is misleading and some is suspicious, the content does provide the necessary knowledge needed to understand the views expressed and the basics of the technology referred to by the writer. However the article contains engineering jargon that makes the aspect of de-icing techniques covered in the article irrelevant to business course students, though the price and viability comparisons of materials for de-icing in the later paragraphs can be considered relevant to the domain of business management education. The only image included in the article offers little help in understanding the gist of the article without having read a good part of the written content first. Amusingly

International Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Security - Essay Example The conflict between Israel and Palestine is mainly facilitated by the religious disparity seen in the region with the Palestine being Arabs and the Israeli people being Jewish Christians. This essay will look at the international security situation in Israel while referring to the information from the various wars and conflicts between the country and other nations, the internal conflicts that have lasted for years and the role played by various countries in either assisting or resisting its attacks on other countries (Slater, 2006). Israel has been in conflict with Egypt, Jordan and also with Palestine with the peace talks and reconciliation process yielding little despite the effort that has been put by the international bodies to end the conflicts. The conflicts have been due to border issues and the control of fertile areas, the failure to recognize some people and regions and the control of Jerusalem and certain Israeli settlements. One of the most enduring conflicts in the history of Israel is the one with Palestine. This can be dated back to about one hundred years ago with the same arising from the right to own the land between the Eastern Shores of the Mediterranean Sea and the River Jordan. The Palestinians who are few and less armed when it comes to military empowerment have witnessed about one hundred years of suppression and occupation of the land which they considered as theirs by the Israelis. The suffering and loss that has been caused by the occupation of the land has led to their fight to be recognized as a state with their struggles having little fruits to be seen. The Jews on the other hand refer to the land they have been fighting for as the land of their fore fathers and so it is their rightful inheritance that should be given to them without much fighting or conflict. Having a two state solution has been one of the options that has been proposed to

Analysis of The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Essay

Analysis of The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde - Essay Example Bracknell affirms, â€Å"35 is a very attractive marriage age (Wilde 138).† The story focuses on the theme of destiny. Gwendolyn feels she is destined to marry only the person named Ernest stating to Jack, â€Å"My very own Ernest! (Wilde 26).† Ernest represents a rich family. Jack does not belong to a rich class. Likewise, Jack is characterized as a poor person. Consequently, Jack is eager to marry a rich lady in order grab the money of the rich lady. In the same manner, the author creates an imagery picture that Algernon is an unhappy with his family (Croally 35). Algernon creates a fictitious person, Bunbury. Creation is done to escape from his family. Algernon excuses himself from many important social and family events. He instead prefers staying with Bunbury. Algernon disguises as Ernest to Cicely. Cicely falls in love with Ernest (Algernon). When Gwendolyn learns that Cicely is also being engaged to marry the same Ernest, the two women fight. However when Jack (Ernest) and Algernon (Ernest) appear together, the two women stop fighting and ven t their anger on the two men who pretended to be take the name of Ernest. Further, the story ends with Miss Prism, Lady Bracknell’s former maid, stating that Jack was left at a station thinking the child was the book to be published stating, â€Å"†¦placed the baby in the handbag and deposited it on the train to be sent to the publisher (Wilde 144)†. Jack is Algernon’s elder Brother. Since Cicely is wealthy, Bracknell approves the marriage between Cicely and Algernon. Bracknell then approves the marriage between Gwnedolyn and Jack (Ernest). The story ends with the Jack affirming to Bracknell the significance of being earnest. Jack is eager to marry Gwendolyn, â€Å"..we must marry immediately (Wilde 26).† The story shows irony (Turner 84). Gwendolyn and Cicely are both in love with the person named Ernest. Gwendolyn wants to marry only the person named Ernest. However, they find out that Jack and

Arabic Pop Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arabic Pop Music - Essay Example â€Å"The music of the Arab world is diverse; and includes several types of genres ranging from the classical tradition to the pop culture and from the sacred to the secular. While Arab music is an independent style of music with a distinct sound, it has a long history of interaction with different styles and genres of music† (Michigan Arab Orchestra, 2013). Pop music is extremely popular in Arab world at present. In fact, Arabs were able to develop a unique genre; Arabic Pop Music. Arabic pop music is popular in the Arab world since it is composed in Arabic language. Moreover, the composers of Arabic pop music consider the Arab cultural traits while composing it. Thus, Arabic pop music is more enjoyable to Arab people than other types of pop music since it is composed in their own language. This paper analyses various dimensions of Arabic Pop music. Definition of Arabic Pop Music Arabic Pop music is the form of pop music in the Arab World. It includes several genres and style s of music ranging from pop music to classical music. It contains secular as well as sacred music themes. â€Å"Arabic music, while independent and very alive, has a long history of interaction with many other regional musical styles and genres†(Arabic music, 2013). Such interactions with other music styles caused the evolution of different music styles in the Arab world. The interactions with the pop music helped the Arab world to formulate Arab form of pop music which is known as Arabic Pop Music now. Arabic pop singers The latter part of twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty first century have witnessed many changes in the Arabic Pop Music. Plenty of unique styles and rhythms were used in Arabic Pop Music during this period. Some of the prominent musicians and singers who contributed heavily to the development of Arabic Pop Music in recent times are; Sabah, Warda Al-Jazairia, Magida El Roumi, Nawal El Kuwaiti, Latifa, Samira Said, Angham, Asalah Nasri, Thekra, Kadhem Al Saher, Amr Diab, Diana Haddad, Najwa Karam, Nawal Al Zoghbi, Ehab Tawfik, Hisham Abbas, Wael Kfoury, Amal Hijazi, Elissa, Nancy Ajram, Haifa Wehbe, Maria Tekdep, Aldo (musician) and Natacha Atlas(Arabic Music Overview, 2010). Origin and Development of Arabic Pop Music In the 20th century, Egypt was the first in a series of Arab countries to experience a sudden emergence of nationalism, as it became independent after 2000 years of foreign rule. Turkish music, popular during the rule of the Ottoman Empire in the region, wa s replaced by national music. Cairo became a center for musical innovation (Arabic Music Overview, 2010). The 2000 years of foreign rule helped Egypt to get proper awareness about foreign culture. In other words, the life styles, cultural traits and the behaviors of the foreigners have caused huge changes in traditional Egyptian life styles. It should be noted that pop music was one of the favorite musical forms for the foreigners, while they were ruling Egypt. As a result of that locals in Egypt got plenty of awareness about the pop music composing and they started to blend pop music with their local music. The outcome was the evolution of a new music form in Arab world; Arabic Pop Music. Unlike traditional Arabic music, Arabic pop music composers started to compose music in a secular manner. The major theme of all traditional Arabic music was religion, customs and beliefs. However, the entry of pop music forced Arabic musicians to change the traditional norms of

A Passage to India through the Lens of Orientalism Assignment

A Passage to India through the Lens of Orientalism - Assignment Example A Passage to India through the Lens of Orientalism In A Passage to India, the author bases his story on the complex interactions between British colonialists and the Indian society, setting the story against the backdrop of the independence movement in India and the British Raj. The story revolves around Dr. Aziz, an Indian, and his British friends, including Miss Adela Quested. When Dr. Aziz is accused of assaulting Miss Adela (Forster 55), the run-up and aftermath of the trial bring to the fore common prejudices and racial tensions between the British rulers and indigenous Indians. This paper will seek to understand the events in A Passage to India through the lens of prevalent themes in Orientalism. One of the central themes in Orientalism is that knowledge about the East in Western society consists of preconceived archetypes, rather than reality or facts, which envisions Eastern societies as all similar to each other and, most importantly, radically dissimilar to the West (Forster 21). This apparent a priori knowledge in Western society about the East as being antithetical to Western society is also prevalent in A Passage to India, which turns consistently to the perspective of India as a country that is so exotic, diverse, and vast that Western people cannot understand it. Indeed, the characters compare and contrast India with England, in which the latter is presented as a charming and small island that does not overwhelm its people because of its neat lakes and valleys.

Statutory responsibilities and rights of employees Essay Example for Free

Statutory responsibilities and rights of employees Essay List the aspects of employment covered law. The law in UK covers the following aspects: Minimum Wage. Health and Safety. Union Rights. Redundancy and dismissal. Disciplinary procedures. Labour laws that relate to the points listed above cover the responsibilities between employee and employer. Health and Safety laws relate to working conditions, minimum wage relates to basic salary and there are other laws that set basic compensation levels. There are several further laws that protect both the employee and the employer such as the Disability Act, The Medicine Act, General Social Care Council Code 2001, RIDDOR 1995 and more. Read more: Describe how own role links to the wider sector essay List the main features of current employment legislation The main features of employment legislation are: Employment rights Equality and Discrimination Health and Safety. Outline why legislation relating to employment exists Legislation relating to employment exists in order to prevent the exploitation of employees by employers. Legislation protects employees rights and covers areas such as: Salary, equal pay. Safety Maternity/Paternity entitlement Sick pay, Holiday pay, Redundancy Working hours Discrimination i.e disability, gender, age. Employers are required to adhere to this legislation and can receive penalties if they do not. Identify sources and types of information and advice available in relation to employment responsibilities and rights In order to obtain information and advice in relation to employment responsibilities and rights an employee should be given the following: Contract: This should cover all the terms and conditions. Job description Policy documents Employee handbook Further information can be obtained from organisations such as, citizens advise and trade unions. Understand agreed ways of working that protect own relationship with employer Describe the terms and conditions of own contract of employment The terms and conditions of the contract of employment between myself and SEAC covers: Job Title Place of work Wage Expenses Hours of work Holidays Sickness Termination of employment Disciplinary procedure Grievance procedure Disclosure of information Data protection Protection of intellectual property rights Health and Safety These terms and conditions are provides to protect both myself as an employee and SEAC as an employer and are covered by the UK Legislation on employment rights and responsibilities. Describe the information shown on own pay statement The information shown on my pay statement is: Name and address. Employee number Tax code Tax office National insurance number Hours worked Gross and net pay to date Deductions Date. Describe the procedures to follow in event of a grievance In the event of a grievance the procedure that is required to be followed as outlined in my contract of employment is as follows: Raise informally with ASC in order to discuss the concern and bring to a satisfactory conclusion. If this is not possible the next step is. Consult Apprentice Handbook Raise the matter in writing. If the concern is not resolved within 10 working days. Bring the concern to the attention of the next level of management. Identify the personal information that must be kept up to date with own employer Personal information that must be kept up to date with the employer is: Address Bank details Contact details Emergency contact details Explain agreed ways of working with employer Agreed ways of working with my employer are outlined in my Guide for Apprentices handbook. This information provides me with the obligations that are expected from myself as an apprentice and also what I can expect from my employer. A summary of my obligations are: Arrive at place of employment /training on time Be proactive, enthusiastic, interested, commitment to working responsibilities Complete all work/training tasks on time, commitment to training Follow my host company policies and procedures, adhere to safe working , practices, respect property Be professional , dress suitably A summary of SEAC’s and the Host Company’s obligations are: To provide a safe working environment Supply me with all relevant policies and procedures Support my training with learning opportunities and approved time off for training Provide me with a supervisor/personal mentor Pay my salary on time Ensure that the training programme supports my individual needs, develop my knowledge Understand how own role fits within the wider context of the sector Explain how own role fits within the delivery of the service provider The service provider is the NHS and my role as Occupational Therapist Assistant Apprentice fits within the rehabilitation and enablement of patients following stays within the hospital to return to independence. Explain the effect of own role on service provision My role as Occupational Therapist Assistant Apprentice is to provide support to the Ward Occupational Therapist and other therapeutic staff by supporting patients through assessment and rehabilitation to return to independent lives to the best of their ability. This is achieved by providing a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s abilities with everyday activities and cognitive assessment to establish mental capacity. Resources and support are then assigned to the patient according to their individual needs. Describe how own role links to the wider sector My role as Occupational Therapist Assistant Apprentice links into the wider sector which is the local community. This includes Community Rehabilitation Teams, Community Hospital, Social Services, Residential /Care Homes, Mental Health Teams and Care Agencies. Following assessment of the patient to establish what further support is required; my role is to liaise with these services to ensure a smooth transition and positive outcome for the patient. Describe the main roles and responsibilities of representative bodies that influence the wider sector. Read more:Â  Statutory Responsibilities and Rights of Employees and Employers

My Creative Experience As A Secretary Education Essay

My Creative Experience As A Secretary Education Essay Reflection is to recapture, ponder and evaluate ones direct experience (Boud, Keogh and Walker, 1985). Reflective practice plays a significant role in promoting personal development, since it allows people to learn from their experience constantly and provides valuable enlightenment for their future life and career. In other words, profound and regular reflection is an essential condition for effective learning, and a prerequisite to continuous personal development (Boud, Cressey and Docherty, 2006). Given the importance of reflection, this essay will reflect upon my creative experience as a secretary in Vincent Villa Design. According to Hatton and Smith (2005), reflective writing can be divided into these four aspects: descriptive writing, descriptive reflection, dialogic reflection and critical reflection. This model will be employed in the following three parts of main body: In the Section 1, I will describe my creative idea generation in Vincent Villa Design, which is the combination of descriptive writing and descriptive reflection. In the Section 2, I will conduct profound analysis about the nature, sources and impact of creativity, taking my creative experience in Vincent Villa Design as example. Also, I will evaluate the quality of my creative judgment and reveal its deficiencies; as well as presenting possible alternative to improve its effect. This part can be referred to as dialogic reflection, In the Section 3, I will critically reflect upon what I have learned from this creative experience, and present its enlightenment for my future career as a manager. Evidently, critical reflection is involved in this part. Description of my creative idea generation in Vincent Villa Design Context and reason for my creativity Vincent Villa Design is a specialised decoration and design company for high-end villas in Beijing, China. I have once worked as a secretary and interpreter who handled formal documents and helped with business negotiation between designers and clients from French, Italy, Germany, India and of course, China. Despite broad sources of customers and designers, the company failed to establish a series of formal document formats. But abundant documents were involved in each villa decoration project, e.g. contracts, engineering designs, formal letters and meeting records. All these documents must be in an order and easy to review from time to time, thus ensuring smooth project progress. Therefore, I started to develop a new pattern of formulating various documents. Process of my creative idea generation Permitted by general manager, I have accomplished these four creativity procedures with the support of counsellors and designers. First, established bilingual Minutes of Meeting in single profiles. Minutes of Meeting first reported the data, time, place, topic and attendees. In addition, each aspect of discussion was listed in the table one by one. Moreover, the Minutes of Meeting were sent to all attendees and the client himself within one working day, to ensure the timeliness of information transmission. Second, designed new pattern of Decoration Contract and Design Contract with the counsellors. Since original contract had some incomplete clauses and incorrect English translations, I read it carefully and modified the diction while adding some new contract terms. Of course, I resorted to our consellor to ensure the preciseness of new contracts. Third, provided unified business letters with the watermark of our company. For instance, all the notices for property management office and the clients themselves would be in unified pattern and labeled with the watermark of our company. Redesigned by our design department, such watermark could prevent some copies of our important letters and designs, thus protecting our corporate image. Fourth, standardised all the technical terms commonly used in design papers. I translated the common terms of various design papers and entered them into computer. Each designer received such a list for reference so that their standardised terms could be understood more easily by foreign clients. Of course, they also provided kind support for my translation by explaining the meaning of some difficult terms. In addition, I also suggested that the design papers should be printed in different levels if necessary. For example, some good design papers could be published as an internal book, which could be used in preliminary contract negotiation to attract generous villa owners. Table 1 Summarisation of My Creative Practices in Vincent Villa Design Items My Creative Idea Generation in Respect to Formal Document Formats Context With the setting of a villa decoration and design company, Vincent Villa Design, this creative activity involve general manager, designers and I. Reason The company lacks standard layout of formal documents, resulting in the difficulty of reviewing and understanding important business information. My contribution established bilingual Minutes of Meeting in single profiles designed new pattern of Decoration Contract and Design Contract with the counsellor provided unified business letters with the watermark of our company. standardised all the technical terms commonly used in design papers Outcome My standardised document format ensured more smooth development of various projects, and higher satisfaction from extensive villa owners. Analysis about the nature, sources and impact of creativity: evaluating the quality of my creativity in Vincent Villa Design Taking my creative experience in Vincent Villa Design as example, the following will review some theories explaining these three dimensions of creativity: nature, sources and impact. These theories will provide solid evidence for evaluating the quality of this creative practice, revealing its deficiency and presenting a better choice. Nature of creativity Abundant management literatures have been attaching importance to the enhancement of creativity in workplaces (Villalba, 2008). For instance, Boden (2004) identifies creativity as the capability of coming up with new, astonishing and valuable ideas and artifacts. As stated by Bessant and Tidd (2007), creativity is to make and communicate meaningful new connections to provide new and unusual possibilities, different viewpoints as well as varied thinking ways, thus allowing us to generate and select alternatives. Creativity can be of a combinational, exploratory or transformational nature (Boden, 2004). Among them, combinational creativity is to combine familiar ideas in an unfamiliar and interesting manner. This can bring more surprises. Normally, the outsider is not expected to win the Derby, while ideas X and Y are not expected to be combined. In reality, they have been recognised as mutually irrelevant. Combinational creativity can be witnessed in analogy, poetic imagery, visual collage, and juxtapositions of political ideas in cartoons. Although these conjoined ideas are not originally relevant, such an interpretation builds a close or perhaps very close link between them, thus satisfying part of your surprise (Boden, 2004). In many psychological literatures, to form unfamiliar combinations are acknowledged as the only choice of creativity. However, different implications are held by exploratory and transformational creativity. For exploratory creativity, highly valued ideas or structures can be produced. It need not adopt current style in an unthinking manner but search for and test some specific stylistic limits deliberately. For instance, a painter would exhibit his lifework retrospectively through chronological arrangement of canvasses, where the vivid process of exploratory creativity can be seen before your eyes. Otherwise, such an exhibition could have been arranged by a doting family member who has less sense than money. Moreover, exploratory creativity can also vary the adopted style while testing their limits and potentials. In other words, some constraints defining the style can be tweaked or altered slightly, for instance, in the retrospective exhibition mentioned above (Boden, 2004). Different from exploratory creativity, transformational creativity varies the stylistic dimension to a higher degree. Since exploratory creativity varies original style slightly or superficially, the novel structure is still intelligible to gain immediate acceptance, instead of being rejected as absurd. But in transformational creativity, the new idea will not be accepted or even understood until many years later. For example, Les Demoiselles dAvignon by Picasso is criticised and hidden for some years before being exhibited. Despite their distinct natures, these three processes of creativity take place together in some occasions (Boden, 2004). My creative experience is a typical example of exploratory creativity. This is because I have seen the limits of original document style and tweaked it slightly. Such change is not as marked and unintelligible as that of transformational creativity, while it is not merely the simple combination of existing ideas or styles. In this sense, my creativity has accomplished the goal of a feasible exploratory creativity. As a result, standardised documents are widely used in various business links, thus contributing to the operation of a whole villa project. In addition, all the villa owners have perceived the more convenient services provided by our company. Therefore, my creative activity has realised the proper role and practical significance of exploratory creativity. Sources of creativity Baldwin and Von Hippel (2009) state that producer model can be viewed as a dominant creativity mode. In other words, producer is a source of creativity. To be specific, it has been universally acknowledged that producers would provide the most creative design for consumers via on-sale goods and services. Evidently, producers seek profit from many users, who purchase and use a design developed by the producers. Therefore, more investment in a creative design can be afforded by a producer serving many clients than any single user. In this sense, producer-developed designs are assumed to have dominant position over user-developed designs in most business fields. It is argued that the expectation of profits is the incentives for producers to create. But producers will lose these profits if their creativities can be copied easily. Then subsidies or intellectual property rights must be provided to producers so that they can control their creativities exclusively for a period of time (Baldw in and Von Hippel, 2009). However, producer is not the only source of creativity, which can also originate from user firms or individuals. Creativities by single user individuals or firms have already become two increasingly significant alternatives for creativity model. Both producer and user creativity models have a different manner to acquire economic advantages in some occasions and disadvantages in others (Lundvall, 2010). My creativity in Vincent Villa Design is just a typical example of producer-source creativity. In the process of this creative activity, I am a member of Vincent Villa Design, the producer who serves extensive villa owners to make profits. The success of my creativity practice has its root in the approval and support from general manager and colleague. Such creativities are motivated by our companys intention to gain profit and maintain good reputation. Having adopted standardised documents, our company provides better products and services to gain stronger customer satisfaction and attract a broader range of customers. Impact of creativity For past decades, both organisational researchers and change management practitioners has paid increasing attention to the antecedents, processes and outcomes of creativity in organisations (Eskildsen et al., 1999). Evans and Lindsay (1999) point out that to establish a creative organisation has been viewed as a prerequisite to business excellence. In other words, creativity can exert positive impacts on personal and organisational development. However, unexpected risks can also be induced by unsuccessful creativity, which must be taken into full account while planning a creative process. Table 1 Review about Creativity Theories Field Researchers Statements Nature of creativity Boden (2004) the capability of coming up with new, astonishing and valuable ideas and artifacts Bessant and Tidd (2007) make and communicate meaningful new connections to provide new and unusual possibilities, different viewpoints as well as varied thinking ways, thus allowing us to generate and select alternatives Boden, 2004 of a combinational, exploratory or transformational nature Sources of creativity Baldwin, C. and Von Hippel, E. (2009) Producer is a source of creativity Lundvall, B. A. (2010) The increasingly important model is user creativity. Impact of creativity Eskildsen et al., 1999 Both organisational researchers and change management practitioners has paid increasing attention to the antecedents, processes and outcomes of creativity in organisations Evans and Lindsay (1999) To establish a creative organisation has been viewed as a prerequisite to business excellence For instance, my creative document formats has allowed Vincent Villa Design to present its stance and attitude more clearly. This creative practice also promotes the communication and collaboration among general manager, colleagues and I. As stated above, the watermark used in business letters is redesigned by the design department, while some difficult terms are explained by experienced designers in our company. All these people take initiative in providing support for my creativity, thus achieving its good outcome. However, the users of our services fail to be involved in my creative process. By combining the feedback and support from producers (our company) and users (villa owners), I could have generated better effect of creative practice. And many villa owners would have perceived that their feelings and suggestions were valued. In turn, they would show stronger preference for our delicate services and recommend it to their friends. Then my creative contribution would have played a better role in enhancing our corporate image. In conclusion, the better choice is to combine the feedbacks from producers and users. Reflection on what I have learned from my and others creative contribution Kolb (1984) highlights reflection as a cyclic learning process which covers these four links such as concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation and active experimentation(to see the figure below). The former three stages have been interpreted in above analysis, and the following explains how I will conduct creativity practice actively in future. Source: Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning experience as a source of learning and development. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Thanks to my creative experience mentioned above, I have gained full awareness about the significance and impact of creativity. In addition, I have also perceived the fact that a successful creativity cannot be accomplished by myself only, which must rely on the combination of various personalities and abilities in a harmonious team. This provides great enlightenment for my academic year and future career. Once I am assigned to a position with greater responsibility, e.g. a manager, I will encourage all my subordinates to provide timely and distinctive advices by rewarding those active creators via subsidy or annual bonus. In other words, a good platform and atmosphere will be provided so that every team member shows intention to generate creative ideas. Furthermore, I would expand my personal relationships with managers of homogenous companies and potential clients while maintaining normal working relationships with them. More efforts will be made to improve my personality charm and management competence, thus creating a more adhesive team. Furthermore, Wallas Stage Model will be employed in my creative process. Wallas (1926) outlines that a creative process mainly covers these four stages such as preparaction, incubation, illumination and verification. Preparation is to assess the problem initially; incubation thinks about the problem unconsciously; illumination comes to an idea generated from the thinking of incubation stage; and finally, verification is to verify, adapt and optimise the idea consciously. Similar to the model by Kolb (1984), this creative process is also a benign cycle in which every stage is independent and complementary for each other. In other words, the full cycle must be completed to ensure the effectiveness of creativities. Obviously, these three stages of preparation, incubation and illumination have been involved in my creativity in Vincent Villa Design. However, I fail to incorporate verification to my creative process. This is because I have not attempted to modify the new document formats constantly to allow an experience of our surprisingly changing services. Therefore, I would conduct more critical thinking in future career as a manager, and thereby realise a benign cycle of creativity with great efforts. Conclusion This essay reflects upon my experience of establishing creative document formats in Vincent Villa Design, which can be referred to as exploratory creativity. General Manager, designers and I have been involved in this creativity, but I fail to ask villa owners for their advices in advance. Better alternative for my creativity is to combine producer creativity and user creativity, i.e. seeking feedback and help from both colleagues and clients. Such reflection allows me to gain a broader sight into my creative contribution and learn more for my future career as a manager. I would build formal working relationships and personal friendships with my subordinates, homogenous service providers and the most importantly, customers. National Advisory Committee on Creative and Cultural Education (NACCCE, 1999) reported these four chracteristics of creative process: imaginative to generate something original; purposeful to put imagination into practice for some targets; produce original ideas related to ones own and others previous work or output in some specific field; create values for a particular objective by generating ideas and deciding the most appropriate one. Therefore, I would make all attempts at accomplishing a benign cycle of imaginative, purposeful, original and valuable creativities. In my future career as a manager, Kolb learning cycle and Wallas Stage Model will be adopted to enhance my creative management competency.